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Biology MCQ Practice 10 — Science Foundation Course for Class 11 & 12
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1.
The process of water absorption by roots is mainly through:
(a) Active transport
(b) Osmosis
(c) Diffusion
(d) Imbibition
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Correct Answer: (b) Osmosis
Explanation:
Water is absorbed by roots mainly through osmosis (from high to low water potential).
2.
The organelle that is called the "suicidal bag" of the cell is:
(a) Mitochondria
(b) Lysosome
(c) Ribosome
(d) Golgi apparatus
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Correct Answer: (b) Lysosome
Explanation:
Lysosomes contain digestive enzymes that can destroy the cell
3.
The hormone that regulates the "fight or flight" response is:
(a) Insulin
(b) Adrenaline
(c) Thyroxine
(d) Oxytocin
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Correct Answer: (b) Adrenaline
Explanation:
Adrenaline prepares the body for emergency situations
4.
The tissue that transports water and minerals in plants is:
(a) Phloem
(b) Xylem
(c) Parenchyma
(d) Collenchyma
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Correct Answer: (b) Xylem
Explanation:
Xylem transports water and minerals upward
5.
The process of cell division that reduces chromosome number by half is:
(a) Mitosis
(b) Meiosis
(c) Binary fission
(d) Budding
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Correct Answer: (b) Meiosis
Explanation:
Meiosis produces haploid gametes
6.
The respiratory pigment in human blood is:
(a) Myoglobin
(b) Haemoglobin
(c) Chlorophyll
(d) Haemocyanin
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Correct Answer: (b) Haemoglobin
Explanation:
Haemoglobin carries oxygen in red blood cells
7.
The basic unit of heredity is:
(a) Chromosome
(b) Gene
(c) DNA
(d) Nucleus
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Correct Answer: (b) Gene
Explanation:
Gene is the unit of heredity
8.
The largest gland in the human body is:
(a) Pancreas
(b) Liver
(c) Thyroid
(d) Pituitary
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Correct Answer: (b) Liver
Explanation:
Liver is the largest gland and performs many metabolic functions
9.
The pigment responsible for photosynthesis is:
(a) Haemoglobin
(b) Chlorophyll
(c) Melanin
(d) Carotene
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Correct Answer: (b) Chlorophyll
Explanation:
Chlorophyll absorbs light energy for photosynthesis
10.
The functional unit of the kidney is:
(a) Neuron
(b) Nephron
(c) Alveolus
(d) Sarcomere
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Correct Answer: (b) Nephron
Explanation:
Nephron filters blood and forms urine