Biology MCQ Practice 11 — Science Foundation Course for Class 11 & 12

1. The mode of nutrition in Paramecium is:

(a) Autotrophic (b) Heterotrophic (c) Saprophytic (d) Parasitic

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Correct Answer: (b) Heterotrophic

Explanation:
Paramecium is holozoic (ingests solid food)

2. The organelle that contains its own DNA is:

(a) Ribosome (b) Mitochondria (c) Golgi apparatus (d) Lysosome

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Correct Answer: (b) Mitochondria

Explanation:
Mitochondria have their own circular DNA (semi-autonomous)

3. The hormone that regulates blood calcium level is:

(a) Thyroxine (b) Parathyroid hormone (c) Insulin (d) Adrenaline

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Correct Answer: (b) Parathyroid hormone

Explanation:
PTH increases blood calcium level

4. The tissue that conducts food in plants is:

(a) Xylem (b) Phloem (c) Parenchyma (d) Collenchyma

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Correct Answer: (b) Phloem

Explanation:
Phloem transports organic food

5. The process of cell division in gamete formation is:

(a) Mitosis (b) Meiosis (c) Binary fission (d) Budding

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Correct Answer: (b) Meiosis

Explanation:
Meiosis reduces chromosome number by half

6. The respiratory pigment in human blood is:

(a) Myoglobin (b) Haemoglobin (c) Chlorophyll (d) Haemocyanin

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Correct Answer: (b) Haemoglobin

Explanation:
Haemoglobin transports oxygen

7. The basic unit of heredity is:

(a) Chromosome (b) Gene (c) DNA (d) Nucleus

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Correct Answer: (b) Gene

Explanation:
Gene is the unit of heredity

8. The largest gland in the human body is:

(a) Pancreas (b) Liver (c) Thyroid (d) Pituitary

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Correct Answer: (b) Liver

Explanation:
Liver is the largest gland and performs many metabolic functions

9. The pigment responsible for photosynthesis is:

(a) Haemoglobin (b) Chlorophyll (c) Melanin (d) Carotene

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Correct Answer: (b) Chlorophyll

Explanation:
Chlorophyll absorbs light energy for photosynthesis

10. The functional unit of the kidney is:

(a) Neuron (b) Nephron (c) Alveolus (d) Sarcomere

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Correct Answer: (b) Nephron

Explanation:
Nephron filters blood and forms urine